٦٠
ﻂﺋﺎﺳﻮﻟا
ﻮﻳﺪﻴﻔﻟا و اﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟا تارﺎﻴﺧ
.ﻒﻴﺗﺎﺠﻴﻧ ،ﻦﻛاد ﻲﻨﺑ ،يدﺎﻣﺮﻟا جرﺪﺗ ،يدﺎﻋ < تاﺮﺛﺆﻤﻟا < تارﺎﻴﺧ دﺪﺣ ،ﺢﺷﺮﻣ ماﺪﺨﺘﺳﻻ
.ﻂﺒﻀﻟا < تارﺎﻴﺧ دﺪﺣ ،ﻮﻳﺪﻴﻔﻟاو اﺮﻴﻣﺎﻜﻟا ﻂﺒﺿ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺘﻟ
ﻮﻳﺪﻴﻓ
ﻊﻃﺎﻘﻣ لﻮﻃ ﻰﻠﻋ حﺎﺘﻤﻟا ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺘﻟا ﺖﻗو ﻒﻗﻮﺘﻳ .3gp ﻖﻴﺴﻨﺘﺑ ﻮﻳﺪﻴﻔﻟا ﻊﻃﺎﻘﻣ ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺗ ﻚﻨﻜﻤﻳ
ةدﻮﺠﻟا ﻂﺒﺿ و ﻮﻳﺪﻴﻔﻟا
ﺮﻴﻏ ةﺮﻛاﺬﻟا ﺔﺣﺎﺴﻣ و ةرﺎﺘﺨﻤﻟا ةدﻮﺠﻟا ﻰﻠﻋ ﻮﻳﺪﻴﻔﻟا ﻊﻃﺎﻘﻣ ﻒﻠﻣ ﻢﺠﺣ و لﻮﻃ ﺪﻤﺘﻌﻳ
< ﻮﻳﺪﻴﻓ < ﻂﺋﺎﺳﻮﻟا < ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟا دﺪﺣ ،ﻚﺑ ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟا ﻮﻳﺪﻴﻔﻟا ﻊﻃﺎﻘﻣ ةدﻮﺟ ﻂﺒﻀﻟ .ﺔﻣﺪﺨﺘﺴﻤﻟا
.ﺔﻴﺳﺎﺳأ وأ ﺔﻳدﺎﻋ ،ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻋ < ةرﻮﺼﻟا ةدﻮﺟ < ﻂﺒﻀﻟا < تارﺎﻴﺧ
< ﻂﺒﻀﻟا < تارﺎﻴﺧ < ﻮﻳﺪﻴﻓ < ﻂﺋﺎﺳﻮﻟا < ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟا دﺪﺣ ،ﻒﻠﻤﻠﻟ دﺪﺤﻤﻟا ﻢﺠﺤﻟا ﺪﻳﺪﺤﺘﻟ
ﻊﻣ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﺘﻳ ﺚﻴﺤﺑ ﻒﻠﻤﻟا ﻢﺠﺣ ﺪﻳﺪﺤﺗ ﻢﺘﻳ ﻪﻧأ ﻚﻟذ ﻰﻨﻌﻳ ﻲﺿاﺮﺘﻓﻻا .ﻮﻳﺪﻴﻔﻟا ﺔﻄﻘﻟ لﻮﻃ
ﻰﻨﻌﻳ ﻰﺼﻗﻷا ﺪﺤﻟا (ةﺰﻬﺟﻷا ﻦﻴﺑ ﻂﺋﺎﺳﻮﻟا ﺔﻟﺎﺳر ﻢﺠﺣ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻳ ﺪﻗ )ةدﺪﻌﺘﻣ ﻂﺋﺎﺳو ﺔﻟﺎﺳر
نﺎﻜﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ةﺮﻛاﺬﻟا ﻰﻓ ﺔﺣﺎﺘﻤﻟا ﺔﺣﺎﺴﻤﻟا ﻒﻗﻮﺘﺗ ﺔﻣﺪﺨﺘﺴﻣ ةﺮﻛاﺬﻟا ﻰﻓ ﺔﺣﺎﺘﻤﻟا ﺔﺣﺎﺴﻤﻟا نأ
.ﻮﻳﺪﻴﻔﻟا ﻊﻄﻘﻣ ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺗ
ﻮﻳﺪﻴﻓ ﻊﻄﻘﻣ ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺗ
حﺎﺘﻔﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ راﺮﻤﺘﺳﻻا ﻊﻣ ﻂﻐﻀﻟا ﺎ ً